Many people think
heartburn and
acid reflux are the same—but they aren’t. While related, knowing the difference is crucial for proper treatment and preventing long-term complications. Dr. Anukalp Prakash, director of Gastroenterology at CK Birla Hospital, Gurugram, explains how to tell them apart.
1. What Is Acid Reflux?
Acid reflux happens when
stomach acid moves backward into the esophagus due to a relaxed or weakened lower esophageal sphincter (LES), a valve-like muscle.
2. What Is Heartburn?
Heartburn is actually
a symptom of acid reflux. It’s the burning sensation in your chest or throat caused by acid irritating the esophagus.
3. Where Does It Hurt?
Acid Reflux: Can cause discomfort in the
chest, upper abdomen, or throat. Other symptoms may include
coughing, hoarseness, or a lump-like sensation in the throat.
Heartburn: Usually feels like
burning behind the breastbone, sometimes spreading to the neck or jaw.
4. Timing of Symptoms
Acid Reflux: Can happen anytime but is more common
after large, fatty, or spicy meals and when bending or lying down.
Heartburn: Typically occurs
after meals and worsens if you lie down soon afterward.
5. Associated Symptoms
Acid Reflux: Often comes with
regurgitation (sour liquid in the mouth),
bloating,
bad breath, or
sore throat.
Heartburn: Primarily a
burning sensation, sometimes with a
bitter or sour taste.
6. Frequency and Severity
Acid Reflux: Occasional reflux is normal. If it happens
more than twice a week, it could indicate
GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease), which may damage the esophagus.
Heartburn: Occasional heartburn is common, but
frequent or severe heartburn usually signals ongoing acid reflux.
7. When to See a Doctor
Consult a doctor if you experience:Recurring symptomsDifficulty swallowingUnexplained weight lossChest pain that mimics heart issues
Key Takeaway
Heartburn is just one symptom of acid reflux, but acid reflux can cause many other issues beyond the burning sensation. Understanding the difference helps you take action through
dietary changes, lifestyle habits, or medical treatment, keeping your digestive system healthy and preventing complications.